You'd probably need to come up with a few different numbers before that.
How many
Noldor successfully crossed over to
Beleriand in total, how many of this number were following
Fëanor, and how many survived the
wars and skirmishes between their arrival and the point of time you're wondering about. There'd be a big difference before and after the
Dagor Bragollach and the
Nirnaeth Arnoediad, for example.
You'd also need to account for how well they are replacing their numbers with the children being born to them. No doubt most children were born in the long period of peace before the Dagor Bragollach.
The Silmarillion does have something to say about the size of
Gondolin.
Turgon took with him a third of the Noldor of
Fingolfin's following, and a 'yet greater host of the
Sindar'. (From the chapter 'Of the Noldor in Beleriand')
So Noldorin settlements may well include Sindar. And
Men, later on.
Also, settlements come in different sizes. You'd need to put a larger proportion of the people in the main
fortresses and
cities, such as Himring and the fortifications of the Pass of Aglon. Then look at the remaining number of people, and decide how many settlements they were likely to live in. Were they more scattered, or did they remain in larger groups? This would be partly dependent on the resources present for them to easily live off, and the safety of the location.
But you can skip all this, and leave the Fëanorian numbers deliberately vague. Just pick the number of people you want the settlement to have, (perhaps basing it on real-world villages or fortresses), and don't mention the other settlements. Take a settlement of 300 people, for example. Earlier on in the story, this could be a small village, or after a few of the disastrous
battles, it could be a decently-sized outpost.
This page could help you come up with numbers. Apparently London in the 800s (early medieval period) might have had 10 000 - 12 000 people (obviously this is estimation).
en.wikipedia.org
I personally prefer leaving settlement sizes deliberately vague. Especially as the Silmarillion was written to be more legend than history.
I don't think this answers the question, but it does show that estimating population is not that easy. And I don't know if
Tolkien specified population numbers or the size of Noldor
armies at any point.