On the humorous side, news of huge mushroom-growing caverns (yes, some mushrooms are actually cultivated nowadays in such places - they're not plants, they don't need sunlight) might be the only thing that could lead to a serious Hobbit invasion anywhere.
But I really don't picture the Dwarves as being really big at food production. And how productive subterranean mushroom-growing is - no idea. Mushrooms aren't exactly staples anywhere that I know of. What the Dwarves might be very good at is making foodstuff durable. Perhaps not in the cram / lembas direction, but with their skills they could very well have invented something like tin cans or glass jars, that we then "rediscovered" millennia later. And while, as any deep-mine miner (or even visitor who had taken a look there) knows, things get awfully hot deep down, it's a different matter for caves (natural or artificial) higher up in mountains. Temperatures get definitely (and constantly) cool to cold there - though not freezing until fairly high altitudes.
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