I've been researching
Khazad-dûm for a video project, and one question kept coming back:
At what point did it actually stop being a functioning kingdom?
There seem to be three possible answers:
1. When
Durin VI was killed.
2. When Náin was killed and the
dwarves abandoned Khazad-dûm.
3. When the
orcs later settled there and made any return effectively an invasion.
The conclusion I reached was that the second moment is the real break: the disaster began earlier, and the orcs later made any return far harder, but once the dwarves walked out there was no longer a kingdom, only the place where one had been.
I made a 24-minute video exploring that question, along with a few related details about
Moria,
mithril, the bridge, and
Tolkien's use of "dwarves." The research and editing are mine; I used AI tools for the narration, images and music. One detail in it is wrong on purpose; the video reveals which one near the end.
I'd be very interested to hear whether people here agree with that conclusion, or whether I'm missing something.