Harad lies between the sea of
Umbar to its
west and
Khand northeast and was divided into two main provinces.
Near Harad, which was the closest to both
Mordor and
Gondor, and
Far Harad, which was nearest to the land of
Umbar. The land of Harad could be divided into four distinct
regions, with a host of sub-regions claimed and warred over by nomadic tribal groups. The first of these was
Harondor, otherwise known as South
Gondor. It was a buffer zone between the lush, verdant grasslands on the Gondorian side of the
Anduin and the inhospitable dunes of sand to the far south, and was contested over by Gondor and Harad. The river
Poros formed Harondor's northern border, while the river
Harnen formed its southern border. Its climate was most likely a semi-arid grassland but presumably more fertile than Harad. Its boundaries extended roughly from the
Anduin to the western flank of
Mordor and stopped around an imaginary line protruding horizontally from the bay of
Umbar. On the northeast it was bordered by the
Mountains of Shadow, and it ran west to the
Bay of Belfalas.
The second region was
Umbar and the adjacent bay area. The great
city, built brick by the hands of the
Númenóreans across the sea, was a regional hub of trade well after the noble blood of the seafarers was spent as its inhabitants fell into darkness.
The third region was
Near Harad. The boundary between Near Harad and Khand is not described, and it is unclear how far east Near Harad extended. The majority of Near Harad is desert as described by
Gollum.
The final region was
Far Harad. The boundary between Near and
Far Harad is indistinct, but compared to the other regions Far Harad was immense, covering all the territory relatively equivalent to
Africa. Far Harad was large enough that it most likely had an extremely varied climate. Much of the southern extents of Far Harad were covered in forests and jungle. The great
Mumakil, called
Oliphaunts in legend by the
Hobbits, lived here also.
Thank you, friend.
I am Ingolmin, heir of
Elrond Halfelven and a young loremaster.