In
J.R.R. Tolkien's letters with Christopher
Tolkien, they discuss the unrighteousness of war during the war.
See e.g., Letter 66 (May 6, 1944), "For we are attempting to conquer
Sauron with
the Ring. And we shall (it seems) succeed. But the penalty is, as you will know, to breed new Saurons, and slowly turn
Men and
Elves into
Orcs. Not that in real life things are as clear cut as in a story, and we started out with a great many Orcs on our side."
Indeed, only 6 months earlier (Letter 53, on Dec 9, 1943), J.R.R. Tolkien openly questioned whether Germany or England was in the right, "But seriously: I do find this Americo-cosmopolitanism very terrifying Qua mind and spirit, and neglecting the piddling fears of timid flesh which does not want to be shot or chopped by brutal and licentious soldiery (German or other), I am not really sure that its victory is going to be so much the better for the world as a whole in the long run than the victory of ——."
With the em dash, Tolkien was referring to Germany or Hitler, but he couldn't risk writing that explicitly
during the war because British censors intercept letters to soldiers (Christopher was serving in the Royal Air Force during WWII).
"Escapism" is one of the criticisms about Tolkien, in the sense critics claim the good versus
evil Middle Earth creates unrealistic expectations for values on actual earth.
And yet, Tolkien's good versus evil moral compass is more relevant than ever!
Has the standard of living that Tolkien championed improved or degraded post WWII? Are people more in debt, unhealthier, more addicted, merged with
technology, impolite, etc? What is happening in
the Shire if not invasion by
Saruman's hordes and pollution?