I have written on this elsewhere, but feel I would add these last few words.
Rather than laying down my own opinion of them all, and whether I think they be heroes or anti-heroes, I think I'll look into the text.
How did
Aragorn view
Bilbo? How
Galadriel and
Elrond? And how did they view
Frodo,
Sam,
Merry and
Pippin?
And how was
Boromir seen by all?
And lastly, how did
Tolkien view them? What can we discern from his Letters?
I have this morning reviewed much text. (Though far from all.)
I can find no inkling of 'anti-hero' seen in any of them among the persons with whom they had to do.
They all seem to be revered.
And in the end, we need to remember even Lobelia Sckville-Baggins was perceived as a 'hero' in her turnaround from selfish corruption. Perhaps she is the classic anti-villain, who knows.
But it seems in the mind of man, what counts is not where we come FROM... but where we end up in the end, defining 'our life' as a whole.
Bilbo was a
clueless carrier of
the ring, and needed help in letting it go. Yet he bore it as he was intended to do, until the time for it to move on came...and to no ill-will.
And we recall he was the first to step forward to take the Ring to Mt. Doom to destroy it, but was 'rejected', it not being his task. When he did this, he was no longer '
clueless', but very well informed.
Frodo bore the ring for a lesser time, but did so with his eyes wide open. It could be said he was 'reluctant', as the decision took some time for him to make, and 'a great dread fell on him...' as the realization came upon him.
I'm not exactly sure what makes an 'anti-hero', but I'm relatively certain what makes for a 'hero.'
My own trust will be in the text and its maker, and the attributes given the people within the text in these matters...and how they are perceived by others in the end.
In Bilbo's case (to the thread title) I hardly think a trip West would have been his, were he but an 'anti-hero'.
As Shannon L. Alder said: “Heroes are not made. They are
born out of circumstances and rise to the occasion when their spirit can no longer coexist with the hypocrisy of injustice to others.”
Anti-Hero: "a central character in a story, movie, or drama who
lacks conventional heroic attributes."
Gollum probably qualifies as the very image of an anti-hero according to this definition: He's central, and in the end is the 'employed cause' of the Ring's destruction. But he holds no other heroic characteristics of one. He will forever be pitied by all to a degree, but it was his own weak character driving him to where he went.
Some may put
Saruman in the 'anti-hero' category, but I can't. He had heroic attributes in the beginning, but was slowly overthrown by his own personal choices, becomming simply a villain.
Boromir fell to the ring as Gollum had, even without having possession of it... though it took more time... and who knows what would have happened had he gotten it. Yet he was spared by the ring escaping his grasp, and 'recovered' due to its further distance from him, to end on a 'heroic' note.
Anyway, for me, once again, after much pondering, all the text seems to indicate Bilbo is a hero, who had a final moment of failure with the ring, just as Frodo ultimately did. The 'anti-hero' finished the task... and there is a reason for Tolkien's employing that technique.